Views: 6 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2024-11-13 Origin: Site
CONTENT
Determine Technical Parameters
Connection and Drive Shaft Design
Material Selection and Structural Design
Key Points of Manufacturing and Inspection
Reactors are key equipment for physical or chemical reactions and are widely used in petrochemical, pharmaceutical, dye and other industries. The design quality of reactors is directly related to the stability and safety of production. The following are the key points in reactor design:
1. Determine Technical Parameters
Design pressure and temperature: Determine the design pressure and temperature according to the material properties and the requirements of the safety discharge device.
Aqueous kettle volume: Based on the operating volume and filling factor (usually 0.6-0.85), ensure that the material filling height does not exceed the flange sealing surface.
Material characteristics: Select the appropriate structure and material according to the corrosiveness and reaction properties of the material.
Stirring system: Select the appropriate stirrer type and speed to ensure the stirring effect, and calculate the required motor power.
Transmission system: Reasonably design the shaft diameter and bearing spacing to ensure the stability and sealing performance of the stirring shaft.
2. Choose The Type of Shaft Seal
Packing seal: suitable for low speed and medium pressure conditions, easy maintenance but limited speed.
Mechanical seal: suitable for high speed and low leakage requirements, but the cost is high and the maintenance is complicated.
Magnetic transmission seal: achieves zero leakage and is suitable for extremely high sealing requirements, but is not suitable for high temperature environments and has a high cost.
Shaft diameter calculation: Calculate the stirring shaft diameter according to the stirring power and speed to ensure strength and stability.
Bearing spacing: Usually 2.5 to 5 times the shaft diameter. If necessary, increase the shaft diameter or set the bottom bearing to meet the requirements.
Swing amount control: The allowable swing amount of the packing seal and mechanical seal is 0.08 to 0.13 mm and 0.04 to 0.08 mm respectively.
4. Connection and Drive Shaft Design
Reducer connection: Select rigid or flexible coupling according to the reducer frame type, and rigid coupling is usually preferred.
Drive shaft: Try to use a single shaft, and use rigid connection if multiple shafts are required.
5. Material Selection and Structural Design
Material selection: Choose carbon steel or stainless steel according to the corrosiveness of the material. Choose solution-treated stainless steel when considering intergranular corrosion.
Inner lining structure: Choose all stainless steel, inner lining stainless steel or composite plate structure, depending on process requirements and economic efficiency.
Head type: Large-capacity reactors mostly use hemispherical heads, while small-capacity reactors use flat covers or elliptical heads.
Structural optimization: Simplify the structure inside the reactor, avoid dead zones and additional stress, and ensure the strength of the jacket cone.
6. Key Points of Manufacturing and Inspection
Head assembly: ensure uniform gaps between the inner and outer heads, and strictly control the gaps during lead filling or expansion.
Lead filling process: perform according to the ratio and temperature requirements, ensure uniform filling of lead liquid and strictly control the temperature.
Welding quality: use the correct welding method to prevent welding deformation and cracks, and perform annealing treatment when necessary.
Inspection and testing: perform water volume measurement and ammonia filling leak detection to ensure that there are no leaks in the lining and the swing amount of the stirring shaft meets the requirements.
7 Installation and Maintenance
Installation space: reserve enough installation and maintenance space during design to facilitate equipment maintenance and operation.
Anti-leakage measures: reduce leakage point design and ensure the reasonable layout of pressure gauges and safety discharge devices.
Anti-loosening of fasteners: adopt anti-loosening design to ensure that each fastener does not loosen during long-term operation.
Conclusion
The design of the reactor involves many aspects, including technical parameter determination, shaft seal selection, transmission system design, material and structure selection, and manufacturing and inspection. Each link needs to be strictly controlled to ensure the safety and stability of the reactor in actual use. By optimizing the design details, the performance of the reactor can be effectively improved to ensure the smooth progress of the production process.
