The difference between floating head heat exchanger and fixed heat exchanger

Floating head heat exchangers and fixed head heat exchangers are two common types of heat exchangers, each with distinct structural designs, applications, and maintenance considerations. Here are the key differences between them:
Structural Design:

Floating Head Heat Exchanger: 

One end of the tube bundle is fixed, while the other end is free to move or "float". This floating head allows for the expansion and contraction of the tube bundle, accommodating thermal expansion.

Fixed Head Heat Exchanger: 

Both ends of the tube bundle are fixed to the shell. The tubes are rigidly attached, and there is no provision for movement to handle thermal expansion directly.

Applications:

Floating Head Heat Exchanger: 

Ideal for situations where there is a significant temperature difference between the two fluids, which can cause considerable thermal expansion. Commonly used in high-temperature, high-pressure applications in industries like petrochemicals and natural gas.

Fixed Head Heat Exchanger: 

Suitable for applications where the temperature difference between the fluids is relatively small, minimizing thermal expansion issues. Often used in air conditioning systems, condensers, and other low-temperature applications.

Maintenance:

Floating Head Heat Exchanger:

Easier to maintain and clean because the tube bundle can be removed from the shell for cleaning and inspection. The floating head design facilitates the removal of the tube bundle.

Fixed Head Heat Exchanger: 

More challenging to maintain and clean, as the tube bundle cannot be easily removed. Maintenance typically requires more effort and sometimes dismantling the entire unit.

Cost:

Floating Head Heat Exchanger: 

Generally more expensive due to its complex design and the additional components required for the floating head mechanism.

Fixed Head Heat Exchanger: Typically less expensive to manufacture and install due to its simpler design and fewer components.

Thermal Expansion:

Floating Head Heat Exchanger:

Effectively handles thermal expansion, reducing the risk of tube damage and prolonging the lifespan of the heat exchanger.

Fixed Head Heat Exchanger:

Limited ability to handle thermal expansion, making it less suitable for applications with large temperature differences.

Applications:

Floating Head Heat Exchanger: 

Commonly used in industries with high thermal stresses, such as chemical processing, oil refining, and power generation.
Fixed Head Heat Exchanger: 

Used in applications where maintenance needs are minimal, and temperature variations are not significant, such as HVAC systems and moderate temperature industrial processes.

In summary, floating head heat exchangers are preferred for applications with high thermal stresses and maintenance requirements, while fixed head heat exchangers are suitable for less demanding applications with smaller temperature variations and lower maintenance needs.

As a leader in the realm of heat exchangers. Whether opting for the innovative floating head design or the stability of a fixed tube sheet, clients can trust Pretank  to deliver top-notch products and unparalleled customer service.Contant our experts.